Panama

A country at the nexus of two continents.

The flyways of the Americas converge along the thin isthmus that connects the continents. Each year millions of migratory shorebirds fuel their journeys in Panama’s rich mudflats and mangrove forests, making this small country tremendously important to migratory avifauna.Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý ÌýÌý

Panama Bay alone hosts a third of the global population of Western Sandpipers, a fifth of the world’s semipalmated Plovers, and dozens of other North American migratory bird species. But away from the coasts, Panama has a wide range of other important bird habitats—humid jungles, dry deserts, and 11,000-foot-high cloud forests—that host more than 1,000 bird species.

Unfortunately, Panama’s wildlife-supporting ecosystems face many threats, including unsustainable development, polluted runoff, and root-strangling trash.

ÃÛèÖAPP’s work in Panama

The ÃÛèÖAPP has been working to support science and conservation action across Panama since 2006, in partnership with the (our BirdLife International partner), government agencies, and the private sector. Our key focus areas include…

  • Science and Monitoring: We use new and expanded species monitoring and scientific analysis to identify important habitat areas and support decision-making.
  • Climate Change Resilience and Adaptation: As part of the , ÃÛèÖAPP supports future-focused management of Panama’s wetlands and other habitats.
  • Community Engagement: We boost citizen awareness through school programs and outreach, to grow and empower a community of people who care about birds and understand the importance of conservation.
  • Capacity Building: The ÃÛèÖAPP and Panama ÃÛèÖAPP Society work together to build local conservation capacity and support more effective, targeted actions that improve management of wetlands and other priority areas.Ìý

Where We Work in Panama

  • Bay of PanamaÌý

  • Bay of ParitaÌý

  • °ä³ó¾±°ù¾±±ç³ÜíÌý

How We Work in Panama

Coastal Resilience

With 2,490ÌýkmÌý(1,550 miles ) of coastline, Panama is a focal point for ÃÛèÖAPP’s coastal resilience strategy, which aims to restore or improve the management of 1 million hectares (2.5 million acres) of coastal bird habitat in Latin America and the Caribbean. In Panama, we’re working to mainstream nature-based and green infrastructure solutions into national and regional planning and policy, to encourage smarter development and preserve the services that intact coastal ecosystems provide.


  • Mangroves - 1.1 Mt COâ‚‚/ha Reduce wave height 66%, ease erosion and flood risk, serve as nurseries for fish
  • Seagrasses - 6.7 Mt COâ‚‚/ha Generate 30,000 additional fish per hectare annually
  • Coastal wetlands, including salt marshes - 7.6 Mt COâ‚‚/ha Generate fish, provide natural defense from storms, can treat wastewater

We’re prototyping this strategy via a project that will protect and . The project, a collaboration with the Inter-American Development Bank and the Panama ÃÛèÖAPP Society, will help Panama to:

  • ​Include the carbon stored in coastal and marine ecosystems in the country’s nationally determined contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Climate Agreement
  • Support stronger ÃÛèÖAPP adaptation efforts
  • Reduce degradation and coastal deforestation
  • Build mechanisms that drive funding toward mangrove and coastal conservation
  • Drive behavioral change in local constituencies to support the conservation of natural assets
Valuing, Protecting, and Enhancing Coastal Natural Capital of Panama

ÃÛèÖAPP is collaborating with the and our local partner the Panama ÃÛèÖAPP Society on a that supports carbon capture, biodiversity, human well-being, and coastal resilience. The project aims to elevate the importance of Panama’s coastal mangrove ecosystems and related wetlands, the carbon they sequester, and the biodiversity and livelihoods they support by shifting perceptions of the value of natural capital.

We are achieving this goal through a multi-pronged approach that includes:

  • Delivering robust science that establishes a blue-carbon baseline
  • Establishing economic valuation of ecosystem services provided by mangroves and related wetlands
  • Building knowledge, awareness, and engagement with key stakeholders to drive action that increases protection of these ecosystems
  • Strengthening policies that promote mangrove conservation and reforestation.

These efforts will be applied in the Bay of Panama, with its mosaic of urban landscapes and mangrove habitat, and the Bay of Parita, a rural landscape in a state of transition.ÌýThe Ìý(Patrimonio Natural Azul) laysÌýthe technical and scientificÌýfoundations to support the PanamaÌýgovernment’s ÃÛèÖAPP agenda,Ìýas it carries out an aggressiveÌýreview and update of its ÃÛèÖAPP policies. Our projectÌýinforms current international commitments suchÌýas Panama’s Nationally Determined ContributionÌý(NDC), by developing methodologies and baselinesÌýfor blue-carbon accounting and potential mangroveÌýrestoration. It also justifies moreÌýambitious ÃÛèÖAPP-related efforts by helping to developÌýpolicies and management capacities. It supportsÌýthe development of a blue carbon market and otherÌýinstruments derived from ÃÛèÖAPP change policies.

Growing Support for Shorebirds and Coastal Wetland Conservation in Priority Areas

The ÃÛèÖAPP and the Panama ÃÛèÖAPP Society have teamed up to improve coastal wetland conservation in the Bays of Panama and Parita. These habitats on Panama’s Pacific coast offer some of the most important stopover and wintering habitats for neotropical migrant shorebird species in the Americas.

The initiative includes analyses of shorebird population levels and efforts to prevent the loss of mangrove cover in the Bay of Panama. It also supports the development of a conservation plan for the Bay of Parita that engages key stakeholders, identifies threats, and plots a path for future conservation efforts. Finally, it addresses coastal solid waste—in particular plastics that are killing off mangrove forests, reducing roosting habitat, and presenting a direct threat to shorebirds through ingestion.

Building a Constituency

ÃÛèÖAPP and its partners are building momentum and public commitment to bird conservation byÌýengaging one million people across the hemisphere. Our efforts in Panama center around the program, presented by our local partner, the Panama ÃÛèÖAPP Society.ÌýThe program’s goal is to make conservation relevant to generations of future Panamanian voters, scientists, and decision-makers.

Developed in 2009, Aulas Verdes is the ’s signature environmental education program. Via field trips and weekly hands-on activities, schoolchildren experience nature and learn how local ecosystems support birds, fish, and other biodiversity found in and around the Bay of Panama. The program,Ìýactive in 25 schools and serving more than 3,500 students each year, recently expandedÌýits coverage to the Bay of Parita, and has reached moreÌýthan 24,720 primary school students in 18 schools. The ÃÛèÖAPP is proud to support this program.

Addressing Plastic Pollution in Panama

Focal Species in Panama
! Priority Bird
Western Sandpiper
Sandpipers
! Priority Bird
Short-billed Dowitcher
Sandpipers
Whimbrel
Sandpipers
Semipalmated Plover
Plovers
! Priority Bird
Semipalmated Sandpiper
Sandpipers
Black-bellied Plover
Plovers
Willet
Sandpipers

News from the Americas

Birds, the Best Ambassadors of Biodiversity
September 05, 2024 — A study by ÃÛèÖAPP shows how the most important sites for the conservation of migratory, endemic and globally threatened birds in Colombia overlap 85% with important sites for water regulation.
Educating to Protect: ÃÛèÖAPP Americas and the Exhibition on Panama’s Mangroves
August 23, 2024 — "The Mangroves: Allies Against Climate Change" traveling exhibition gives a detailed view on how mangroves store carbon and also protect biodiversity and the communities that depend on these ecosystems.
Seal River Watershed IPCA Sign
One of the World's Largest Remaining Intact Watersheds Needs Your Help
August 20, 2024